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Bologna Construction in Footwear: Sacchetto Construction and Manufacturing Process
What Is Bologna Construction? Bologna construction, also known as Sacchetto, Bag, Glove or Tubular construction, is a footwear construction designed around a soft, flexible inner structure rather than the conventional rigid insole-based construction. The Italian word sacchetto means “small bag,” describing the characteristic manufacturing principle: selected upper and lining components are stitched to form a bag-like or sock-like assembly around the foot. The construction can produce a very flexible shoe with a close, soft feel because the foot is surrounded by flexible leather rather than a conventional rigid insole structure….
Leather Outsole Bends for Premium Footwear: Physical Properties, Types, Country Traditions & Selection Guide
Introduction Leather outsole bends occupy a special position in premium footwear manufacturing. Long before synthetic sole compounds became dominant, leather was one of the principal materials used to construct durable shoe bottoms. Even today, traditional leather outsoles remain closely associated…
The Insole: The Hidden Foundation That Holds a Shoe Together
The Insole: The Hidden Foundation That Holds a Shoe Together Understanding Insole Construction, Materials, Types and Their Role in Footwear Manufacturing Introduction An insole is an internal structural component that forms the foundation of a shoe construction. In simple terms,…
Leather Fundamentals: Understanding Types, Properties, Quality and Footwear Applications
Leather has been part of footwear for centuries, yet it remains one of the most technically interesting materials used in modern shoe manufacturing. It can be soft or firm, smooth or textured, natural-looking or heavily finished, lightweight or highly structured….
Carbon Plates in Footwear: Construction, Function, Materials and Manufacturing
Carbon plates have become an important structural component in modern performance footwear, particularly in racing and high-performance running shoes. A carbon-fiber-reinforced plate can increase the shoe’s longitudinal bending stiffness while adding relatively little weight compared with many conventional structural materials….
Leather Veneer (Stacked Leather): How It Is Made and Used in Footwear
What Is Leather Veneer (Stacked Leather)? Leather veneer, often called stacked leather veneer, is a thin leather material produced by laminating several leather strips and then splitting the assembled material into controlled-thickness veneers. Manufacturers commonly use these veneers to create…
Crimping / Blocking Vamp Component in Footwear: Process of Different Crimping Methods
A leather vamp starts as a flat component, but the finished upper must follow the three-dimensional shape of the last. Therefore, some vamp constructions need pre-forming before lasting. Crimping the vamp component creates this controlled three-dimensional shape and helps the…












